Studies
Horses are the most-used species in animal-assisted therapies for autism, representing over 70% of recent studies in this area. These interventions show statistically significant improvements in core autism symptoms—social communication, irritability, hyperactivity, and word usage skills. Improvements in other domains (e.g., social cognition, motivation, stereotypical behaviors) are less consistent, and long-term effectiveness still needs further study.
In summary, horses are specifically validated in medical literature as highly effective for equine therapy, showing multi-dimensional behavioral, emotional, physical, and mental health benefits for autistic individuals and those with mental illness.
Cleary et al. (2024). "A Scoping Review of Equine-Assisted Therapies on the Mental Health and Well-Being of Autistic Children and Adolescents
Large review (16 studies) found that horse-based therapy offers significant behavioral (reduced aggression, irritability), emotional (improved mood), and psychological (reduced anxiety, increased self-regulation) benefits for autistic children. Social and communication skill gains were noted, along with improvements in self-esteem and independence.
Xiao et al. (2023). "Effects of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Comprehensive review of 25 studies concluded that horse-based therapy leads to substantial improvements in core ASD symptoms—including social skills, communication, reduced irritability and hyperactivity. Gains were robust for language but inconsistent for motor and sensory functions; further research on long-term effects is recommended.
Gabriels et al. (2015–2018, referenced in multiple reviews)
Randomized controlled trials found that therapeutic horseback riding led to significant improvements in irritability, social motivation, and communication in children with ASD, including effects persisting for at least six months post-intervention.
Buchanan & Higgins (2023). "It Gives Her a Sense of Accomplishment": What Parents Say When Children with Disabilities Ride
Horse riding is associated with improved self-esteem, sense of responsibility, and mood in children with disabilities, including those with autism.
Tan & Simmonds (2018)
Parents noted that equine therapy led to “no anxiety” and “no stress” for their autistic child, thought to be driven by both the physical activity and supportive emotional environment of horse therapy.